Facility Bonds
About Facility Bonds
Past Bond Measures
Passed by voters in 2024, this $400 million facility bond will be used to complete the final phases of the Terry P. Bradley Educational Center, which houses Clovis South High School and Phillip V. Sanchez Intermediate School, as well as several modernization projects, and safety and energy efficiency projects at every school site.
The Citizens’ Oversight Committee members will be appointed in Spring 2025.
Citizens Committee Report: June 12, 2024
A Citizens Committee to Study Capital Facility Needs was formed to inventory and research Clovis Unified's facility needs for its 53 campuses and business offices. The 40-member group of volunteers met for six months and presented their findings and recommendations to the Governing Board in June. See below for Committee Chairperson Todd Cook's recommendation to the Board.
Measure A Project List | |||||||
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Clovis High Area | Buchanan Area | Clovis North Area | |||||
Cedarwood Elementary | MPR Modernization, Roof Replacement, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades | Century Elementary |
Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades |
Bud Rank Elementary |
Flooring in Classroom Hallways, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades |
||
Clovis Elementary | MPR flooring, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades | Cole Elementary |
Add Classroom Wing, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades |
Copper Hills Elementary |
Flooring in MPR, Modernize School Office, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades |
||
Gettysburg Elementary | MPR Modernization, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades | Dry Creek Elementary |
Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades |
Fugman Elementary |
Flooring in MPR, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades |
||
Jefferson Elementary |
Flooring in MPR, Roof Replacement, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades |
Garfield Elementary |
Flooring in MPR, Repair/Replace Exterior Stucco, Replace Classroom Casework, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades |
Mountain View Elementary |
MPR Modernization, Roof Replacement, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades |
||
Mickey Cox Elementary |
Replace fencing, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades, and more (third office in Admin building) |
Tarpey Elementary |
Roof Replacement, MPR Modernization, Replace Classroom Casework, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades |
Riverview Elementary |
Flooring in Hallways, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades |
||
Red Bank Elementary |
MPR Modernization, Replace Fencing, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades |
Woods Elementary |
Flooring in MPR and Classroom Hallways, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades |
Granite Ridge Intermediate |
Flooring in MPR & Hallways, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades |
||
Sierra Vista Elementary |
Roof Replacement, MPR Flooring and Acoustics, Replace Fencing, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades |
Alta Sierra Intermediate |
Flooring in MPR, Replace Electrical, Roof Replacement, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades |
Clovis North High |
Flooring in MPR & Hallways, Roof Replacement, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades, Replace Track, and More |
||
Weldon Elementary |
MPR Modernization, Roof Replacement, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades |
Buchanan High |
Replace Fencing, Replace Electrical, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades, and More |
||||
Clark Intermediate |
MPR Modernization, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades |
||||||
Clovis High |
Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades, Roof Replacement, Portable Repairs, Replace Merriman Bleachers, Replace Track, and more |
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Clovis West Area | Clovis East Area | Clovis South Area | |||||
Fort Washington Elementary |
Roof Replacements, MPR Modernization, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades |
Freedom Elementary |
Flooring in MPR, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades |
Boris Elementary |
Flooring in MPR, Safety Enhancements, LED Lighting Upgrades |
||
Liberty Elementary |
MPR Modernization, Replace Fencing, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades |
Miramonte Elementary |
Flooring in MPR, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades |
Fancher Creek Elementary |
MPR Modernization, Library Shelving/Storage; Roof Replacement, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades |
||
Lincoln Elementary |
Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades |
Oraze Elementary |
Flooring in MPR, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades |
Hirayama Elementary | N/A | ||
Maple Creek Elementary |
Roof Replacement, MPR Modernization, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades |
Reagan Elementary |
Flooring in MPR and Classroom Hallways, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades |
Temperance-Kutner Elementary |
Flooring in MPR, New Classroom Wing, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades |
||
Nelson Elementary |
MPR Modernization, Replace Fencing, Modernize School Office, Repair Portables, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades |
Reyburn Intermediate |
Flooring in MPR, Replace Electrical, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades |
Young Elementary |
Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades |
||
Pinedale Elementary |
MPR Flooring, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades |
Clovis East High |
Roof Replacement, Replace Electrical, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades, and More |
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Valley Oak Elementary |
Roof Replacement, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades |
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Kastner Intermediate |
Roof Replacement, Flooring in MPR, Replace Fencing, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades, Add Cluster Office |
||||||
Clovis West High |
Replace Electrical Infrastructure, Roof Replacement & Flooring, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades, and More. |
||||||
Miscellaneous | |||||||
Clovis Community Day School |
Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades |
Gateway High |
Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades |
Clovis Adult Education |
Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades |
||
Lamonica Stadium |
Repair and Update Restrooms, Replace Bleachers, Safety Enhancements, Modernize Press Box |
CART | N/A | Sierra Outdoor School | N/A |
The voters in the Clovis Unified School District approved a $335 million bond measure in November 2020. The ballot “Measure A” includes projects to be funded out of bond funds, developer fees, and state bond funding. As of 2024, all projects from the 2020 bond measure have been completed or are in progress. The Citizens Oversight Committee reports and audits provide more details about how these funds were used to maintain and update school facilities.
Citizens’ Oversight Committee
The CUSD Governing Board appointed the following members to serve on the Citizens’ Oversight Committee for the expenditure of “Measure A” Bond Funds.
Samantha Bauer, Chair (Parent Involved in School Activities)
Beau Plumlee (Parent)
David Fey (At Large)
Dea Roberson (Senior Citizens)
Scott Vived (Business)
Rick Hopkins (Chamber of Commerce)
TBD (Taxpayer's Association)
Projects Under Construction
Terry P. Bradley Educational Center
HVAC Upgrade
Lockdown Project - Phase 1 & Phase 2
Completed Projects
- Upgraded HVAC Systems: installation of bipolar ionization units that work within our existing HVAC system to enhance indoor air quality.
- Dry Creek Elementary Modernization and Expansion: a modernized Administration Building and a brand new 5th and 6th grade wing.
- Clovis West High Swim Complex and Classroom Wing: upgrades to the swim complex to include covered bleacher seating, outdoor showers and more.
Resources
2020 CUSD Bond Audit Report - 2024
The voters in the Clovis Unified School District approved a $298 million bond measure in June 2012. The ballot “Measure A” included $330 million dollars worth of projects to be funded out of bond funds, developer fees, state bond funding, and available carryover from the 2004 Bond Measure. All projects were completed by 2020.
Citizens’ Oversight Committee
The CUSD Governing Board appointed the following members to serve on the Citizens’ Oversight Committee for the expenditure of “Measure A” Bond Funds.
- Samantha Bauer, Chair
- Sandy Brown, Vice Chair
- David Fey
- Matthew Grundy
- Burke Jones
- Roland Roos
- Scott Vived
Completed Projects:
2013/2014
- Clovis High School
- Phase 1 Clovis High School
- Phase 2
- Clark
- Phase 1 Clark
- Phase 2
- Clovis West High School
- Phase 1 Clovis West High School
- Phase 2
- Sierra Outdoor School
- Phase 1 Sierra Outdoor School
- Phase 2
- Fancher Creek Elementary
- Phase 1 Community Day School
- Copper Hills Elementary Dry Creek Elementary
- Fort Washington Elementary Freedom Elementary
- Garfield Elementary Fugman Elementary
- Gettysburg Elementary Sierra Vista Elementary
- Jefferson Elementary Tarpey Elementary
- Miramonte Elementary Temperance-Kutner Elementary
- Pinedale Elementary Valley Oak Elementary
2015/2016
- Technology Service Center Reagan Educational Center
- Phase 2
- Clovis Adult Century Elementary
- Reagan Educational Center
- Phase 1 Cedarwood Elementary
- Sierra Outdoor School
- Phase 3 Clark / MET
- Kastner Intermediate Fancher Creek Elementary
- Phase 2
- Cole Elementary Liberty Elementary
- Ft Washington Casework Mickey Cox Elementary
- Maple Creek Elementary Riverview Elementary
- Mt. View Elementary Gateway High School
- Nelson Elementary
- Red Bank Elementary
- Weldon Elementary
2017
- Buchanan High School
- Clovis North Educational Center
- Bud Rank Elementary
- Clovis Elementary
- Lincoln Elementary
- Reagan Elementary
- Woods Elementary
- District Office
2018
- Clovis West High School
- Kastner Intermediate
- Cox Elementary
2019
- CART Phase II
- Cole
- Fort Washington
- Jefferson
2020
- Dry Creek Elementary
- Pinedale Elementary
- Clovis High School (CTE)
- Clovis North High School (CTE)
- Clovis West High School (CTE)
Resources
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Passed by voters in 2024, this $400 million facility bond will be used to complete the final phases of the Terry P. Bradley Educational Center, which houses Clovis South High School and Phillip V. Sanchez Intermediate School, as well as several modernization projects, and safety and energy efficiency projects at every school site.
The Citizens’ Oversight Committee members will be appointed in Spring 2025.
Citizens Committee Report: June 12, 2024
A Citizens Committee to Study Capital Facility Needs was formed to inventory and research Clovis Unified's facility needs for its 53 campuses and business offices. The 40-member group of volunteers met for six months and presented their findings and recommendations to the Governing Board in June. See below for Committee Chairperson Todd Cook's recommendation to the Board.
Measure A Project List Clovis High Area Buchanan Area Clovis North Area Cedarwood Elementary MPR Modernization, Roof Replacement, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades Century Elementary Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades
Bud Rank Elementary Flooring in Classroom Hallways, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades
Clovis Elementary MPR flooring, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades Cole Elementary Add Classroom Wing, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades
Copper Hills Elementary Flooring in MPR, Modernize School Office, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades
Gettysburg Elementary MPR Modernization, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades Dry Creek Elementary Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades
Fugman Elementary Flooring in MPR, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades
Jefferson Elementary Flooring in MPR, Roof Replacement, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades
Garfield Elementary Flooring in MPR, Repair/Replace Exterior Stucco, Replace Classroom Casework, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades
Mountain View Elementary MPR Modernization, Roof Replacement, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades
Mickey Cox Elementary Replace fencing, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades, and more (third office in Admin building)
Tarpey Elementary Roof Replacement, MPR Modernization, Replace Classroom Casework, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades
Riverview Elementary Flooring in Hallways, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades
Red Bank Elementary MPR Modernization, Replace Fencing, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades
Woods Elementary Flooring in MPR and Classroom Hallways, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades
Granite Ridge Intermediate Flooring in MPR & Hallways, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades
Sierra Vista Elementary Roof Replacement, MPR Flooring and Acoustics, Replace Fencing, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades
Alta Sierra Intermediate Flooring in MPR, Replace Electrical, Roof Replacement, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades
Clovis North High Flooring in MPR & Hallways, Roof Replacement, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades, Replace Track, and More
Weldon Elementary MPR Modernization, Roof Replacement, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades
Buchanan High Replace Fencing, Replace Electrical, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades, and More
Clark Intermediate MPR Modernization, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades
Clovis High Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades, Roof Replacement, Portable Repairs, Replace Merriman Bleachers, Replace Track, and more
Clovis West Area Clovis East Area Clovis South Area Fort Washington Elementary Roof Replacements, MPR Modernization, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades
Freedom Elementary Flooring in MPR, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades
Boris Elementary Flooring in MPR, Safety Enhancements, LED Lighting Upgrades
Liberty Elementary MPR Modernization, Replace Fencing, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades
Miramonte Elementary Flooring in MPR, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades
Fancher Creek Elementary MPR Modernization, Library Shelving/Storage; Roof Replacement, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades
Lincoln Elementary Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades
Oraze Elementary Flooring in MPR, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades
Hirayama Elementary N/A Maple Creek Elementary Roof Replacement, MPR Modernization, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades
Reagan Elementary Flooring in MPR and Classroom Hallways, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades
Temperance-Kutner Elementary Flooring in MPR, New Classroom Wing, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades
Nelson Elementary MPR Modernization, Replace Fencing, Modernize School Office, Repair Portables, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades
Reyburn Intermediate Flooring in MPR, Replace Electrical, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades
Young Elementary Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades
Pinedale Elementary MPR Flooring, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades
Clovis East High Roof Replacement, Replace Electrical, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades, and More
Valley Oak Elementary Roof Replacement, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades
Kastner Intermediate Roof Replacement, Flooring in MPR, Replace Fencing, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades, Add Cluster Office
Clovis West High Replace Electrical Infrastructure, Roof Replacement & Flooring, Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades, and More.
Miscellaneous Clovis Community Day School Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades
Gateway High Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades
Clovis Adult Education Safety Enhancements, AV Technology Improvements, LED Lighting Upgrades
Lamonica Stadium Repair and Update Restrooms, Replace Bleachers, Safety Enhancements, Modernize Press Box
CART N/A Sierra Outdoor School N/A -
The voters in the Clovis Unified School District approved a $335 million bond measure in November 2020. The ballot “Measure A” includes projects to be funded out of bond funds, developer fees, and state bond funding. As of 2024, all projects from the 2020 bond measure have been completed or are in progress. The Citizens Oversight Committee reports and audits provide more details about how these funds were used to maintain and update school facilities.
Citizens’ Oversight Committee
The CUSD Governing Board appointed the following members to serve on the Citizens’ Oversight Committee for the expenditure of “Measure A” Bond Funds.
Samantha Bauer, Chair (Parent Involved in School Activities)
Beau Plumlee (Parent)
David Fey (At Large)
Dea Roberson (Senior Citizens)Scott Vived (Business)
Rick Hopkins (Chamber of Commerce)
TBD (Taxpayer's Association)
Projects Under ConstructionTerry P. Bradley Educational Center
HVAC Upgrade
Lockdown Project - Phase 1 & Phase 2
Completed Projects
- Upgraded HVAC Systems: installation of bipolar ionization units that work within our existing HVAC system to enhance indoor air quality.
- Dry Creek Elementary Modernization and Expansion: a modernized Administration Building and a brand new 5th and 6th grade wing.
- Clovis West High Swim Complex and Classroom Wing: upgrades to the swim complex to include covered bleacher seating, outdoor showers and more.
Resources
2020 CUSD Bond Audit Report - 2024
-
The voters in the Clovis Unified School District approved a $298 million bond measure in June 2012. The ballot “Measure A” included $330 million dollars worth of projects to be funded out of bond funds, developer fees, state bond funding, and available carryover from the 2004 Bond Measure. All projects were completed by 2020.
Citizens’ Oversight Committee
The CUSD Governing Board appointed the following members to serve on the Citizens’ Oversight Committee for the expenditure of “Measure A” Bond Funds.- Samantha Bauer, Chair
- Sandy Brown, Vice Chair
- David Fey
- Matthew Grundy
- Burke Jones
- Roland Roos
- Scott Vived
Completed Projects:
2013/2014
- Clovis High School
- Phase 1 Clovis High School
- Phase 2
- Clark
- Phase 1 Clark
- Phase 2
- Clovis West High School
- Phase 1 Clovis West High School
- Phase 2
- Sierra Outdoor School
- Phase 1 Sierra Outdoor School
- Phase 2
- Fancher Creek Elementary
- Phase 1 Community Day School
- Copper Hills Elementary Dry Creek Elementary
- Fort Washington Elementary Freedom Elementary
- Garfield Elementary Fugman Elementary
- Gettysburg Elementary Sierra Vista Elementary
- Jefferson Elementary Tarpey Elementary
- Miramonte Elementary Temperance-Kutner Elementary
- Pinedale Elementary Valley Oak Elementary
2015/2016- Technology Service Center Reagan Educational Center
- Phase 2
- Clovis Adult Century Elementary
- Reagan Educational Center
- Phase 1 Cedarwood Elementary
- Sierra Outdoor School
- Phase 3 Clark / MET
- Kastner Intermediate Fancher Creek Elementary
- Phase 2
- Cole Elementary Liberty Elementary
- Ft Washington Casework Mickey Cox Elementary
- Maple Creek Elementary Riverview Elementary
- Mt. View Elementary Gateway High School
- Nelson Elementary
- Red Bank Elementary
- Weldon Elementary
2017- Buchanan High School
- Clovis North Educational Center
- Bud Rank Elementary
- Clovis Elementary
- Lincoln Elementary
- Reagan Elementary
- Woods Elementary
- District Office
2018
- Clovis West High School
- Kastner Intermediate
- Cox Elementary
2019
- CART Phase II
- Cole
- Fort Washington
- Jefferson
2020
- Dry Creek Elementary
- Pinedale Elementary
- Clovis High School (CTE)
- Clovis North High School (CTE)
- Clovis West High School (CTE)
Resources
Frequently Asked Questions
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The list of critical facility improvement/construction projects identified by the Citizens Committee to Study Capital Facility Needs totaled an estimated $550 million. To allow the tax rate to remain unchanged, the committee prioritized the list to bring the number down to $400 million.
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The bonds are structured for a 25-year pay-off period. Being careful stewards of taxpayer resources, we have used opportunities as available to refinance bonds and decrease the repayment window and plan to do so with 2024 Measure A bonds as well. Refinancing allows us to avert interest payments and reduce costs to taxpayers. It is also why residents see many lines on their annual tax bill- every line represents a refinanced bond.
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Passage of a local facility bond ensures that the money is controlled locally and cannot be taken by the state. A group of independent citizens called the Citizens Oversight Committee monitor the district’s use of bond dollars, conduct a yearly audit and provide an annual report to the community.
Clovis Unified, because of its previous successful financial stewardship with bond funds, holds the best credit ranking from among California’s 20 largest public school districts. (Standard & Poor affirmed this year the district has a rating of AA/Stable.) “That means we are going to get a better rate of interest for bonds that we sell, and our community and district will see benefits as a result of having a better interest rate,” said CUSD Associate Superintendent of Administrative Services Michael Johnston. “That allows us to ultimately maximize funds and maximize their impact for our students.”
Previous outcomes of bond funds, reports and information about usage can be found on cusd.com and also on each school’s website. (Go to the “About” tab and select the “Impact of Facility Bonds” to learn about funding usage at your neighborhood school.)
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In 2020, the community supported building Clovis South High in order to ease overcrowded conditions in the district’s southeast. Plans and a budget were developed for Clovis South (located on the Terry Bradley Educational Center along with Sanchez Intermediate) before the COVID-19 pandemic. No one could have known that an unprecedented post-pandemic inflation of construction prices – more than 40% jumps in some material and labor costs – would create a funding gap, but it did.
The construction industry, like so many others, was hit hard. (See chart below.) When costs began to soar, planners scaled back in many areas and focused on completion of critical buildings that will help to ease severe student overcrowding in the district’s southeast area.
In order to complete the final phases of construction for the high school campus, funds from this bond are necessary.
Escalating costs
NON-RESIDENTIAL CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS Price Change since 2020 Inputs to Construction 40.6% Plumbing fixtures and fittings 18.1% Lumber and Wood Products 25.3% Fabricated Structural Metal Products 56.0% Iron and Steel 63.3% Copper Wire and Cable 31.9% Steel Mill Products 76.6% Concrete Products 37.1% Crude Petroleum 60.1% Natural Gas 60.4% Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics 2024